These generally have no guaranteed income (even ITV, C4,C5 which have small PSB remit) therefore it is essential they are profitable.
They can generate income by:
- Subscription e.g. BT Vision, Sky Sports/Movies
- Pay Per View e.g. Sky Box Office
- Sponsorship- many programmes often contain sponsor stings or sometimes 'thanks to' messages on credits. Strands of programmes may also carry sponsorship e.g. ITV3 afternoons
- Advertising- companies pay for advertising slots based on programme ratings. The more potential viewers, the higher the advertising slot (£250,000 for 30 seconds during Britain's Got Talent).
- Product Placement- since 2011 this is allowed o British TV (not during news or children's) subject to Ofcom regulations (certain products are banned e.g. cigarettes). Companies pay to have their products shown in programmes.
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